The concept of terrorism has been used for a long time, and relates to different forms and types of activities and groups that have carried out actions considered to be terrorist, such as hijacking aircraft, taking hostages, and staging armed attacks on certain areas. However, different definitions of terrorism exist, firstly at the regional and international levels, and secondly on lists that categorize terrorist groups.Although several networks of groups are categorized as terrorist, the mode that has preoccupied the world and most Arab and western countries is represented by the networks of al-Qaeda and so-called Islamic State. The latter represents the new generation of Islamic terrorist and is widespread to an extent that has allowed it to establish an emirate in Iraq and Syria, and satellite emirates in more than one spot around the world. Moreover, its cells have been able to carry out attacks against several targets in Europe, Australia, Africa, and Asia. The group has come to represent a basic threat to many countries at local, regional and international levels. Hence various approaches and strategies to confront it are being employed, and that is what this publication will discuss.
Although having successfully concluded the National Dialogue, Yemen continues to face a dire economic situation. As the poorest country in the MENA region with a per capita GDP of $1.500, more than 54 percent of the population under the poverty line, and a young, unskilled, low productivity labor force, the Yemeni government needs to address not only demands for more inclusive political participation, but also the economic aspirations of the great majority of the Yemeni population need to be tackled. Without making progress on the economic front a priority, the democratic transition process risks derailment and its leadership a complete loss of credibility which could result in renewed conflict.
Published by the Friedrich Ebert Foundation and the Economic Observatory for Economic Studies and Consulting, Improving the performance of the budget and ensuring social justice gathers proposals and solutions to tackle the most urgent economic issues such as the elimination of fuel subsidies, the strengthening of the tax and customs administration, the investment in basic service delivery and infrastructure as well as the diversification of the economic base.
This publication provides an analysis and critique of the legal provisions concerning violence against women, child custody, paternity, early marriage and inheritance in Jordan. It focuses on these specific areas because they were deemed both areas of challenge for women, and ones with wide potential for reform. The publication demonstrates the complex and dynamic relationship between Islam, law and tribal traditions, and how these operate to disempower and curtail womens rights. The aims are to open a dialogue on the possibility of legal reform through modern and contextualised interpretations of Sharia, and to offer recommendations to legislators, legal practitioners and nongovernment organisations on how Islamic norms and jurisprudence may be used to promote structural and normative change.
[Methods of preventing and combatting terrorism in the MENA region and in the West]
(2017)
